OSI vs TCP/IP Model in Computer Networking – Explained in details

tcp/ip-model-vs-osi-model

In this article, we will discuss the differences between OSI and TCP/IP models. Both models help us to understand the data flow between sender and receiver using different networking protocols. Let’s discuss both of them in more detail.

osi-vs-tcp-ip-model

Below, a diagram will help you to understand both models in a better way.

osi-and-tcp-ip-model-layers

Understand OSI vs TCP/IP Model in detail

In this table, we have discussed some major differences between TCP/IP and OSI models.

IP ClassStarting IP AddressEnding IP AddressTotal Hosts
Class A10.0.0.010.255.255.25516,777,216
Class B172.16.0.0172.31.255.2551,048,576
Class C192.168.0.0192.168.255.25565,536

Although we have discussed both in separate articles, you can find the common details below.

TCP/IP Model

TCP/IP is a protocol stack that was developed by the DoD (Department of Defense). It was developed before the OSI Model. Unlike the OSI model, it has 4 different layers. Network traffic is generated on the application layer by the source and then it follows all of the TCP/IP model layers and then it sends to the receiver. Below are the TCP/IP model layers:

  • Application
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Link

OSI Model

OSI model has 7 different layers. Unlike the TCP/IP Model, this model provides a conceptual view of data flow between various computers. However, this is not a practical model, so it does not have practical usage. Below are the OSI Model layers:

  • Application
  • Presentation
  • Session
  • Transport
  • Network
  • Data Link
  • Physical

Related Articles to TCP/IP and OSI Model

Reference

Summary

TCP/IP is a protocol suite, which is used during data transmission over the network. TCP/IP was developed by DoD and has 4 different layers. On the other hand, OSI is a reference model, which has 7 different layers. OSI helps us to understand the data flow between different protocols.

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About the Author: Vikash Kaushik

1 Comment

  1. I get that TCP/IP came before the OSI model but it seems the way I understand it (correct me if i’m wrong) is that the OSI model is the full model with all 7 layers and the TCP/IP model is basically only concerned with layers 3 and 4 of the OSI model. What role does TCP/IP do in the other layers that isn’t done by OSI?

    It seems like the TCP/IP is part of the whole and OSI is the whole. The TCP Protocol is used in the Transport layer and the IP Protocol is used in the Network/Internet layer and to my understanding, that’s it for TCP/IP. I get that it has to send and receive data to the application and network interface layers but the TCP/IP don’t do anything on the other layers do they?

    That’s my understanding anyway, if someone could correct me if i’m wrong. Thanks

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